Management challenges of sinonasal alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in infanthood: case report and literature review

Authors

  • Samuel Oluyomi Ayodele Otorhinolaryngology Department, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1703-6427
  • Bashir Mohammed Paediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital, Katsina, Nigeria
  • Adam Shuaib Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Katsina, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.IntJSciRep20223035

Keywords:

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, Sinonasal region, Intensified multimodality therapy, Adjuvant chemotherapy, Tumour lysis syndrome

Abstract

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) is an aggressive soft tissue malignant neoplasm. It’s not known to occur often in the sinonasal region of an infant when compared with other histological types. And due to its aggressive nature in deep-seated locations, it’s often difficult to manage efficiently, thus associated with worse prognosis. In this article, a rare case of an infant with right sided sinonasal aRMS was reported. Eight month old child with two month history of right sided nasal blockage, watery discharge and a growth in the right nose. There was no epistaxis, palatal or neck swelling. On examination, a polypoid mass was completely occupying the right nasal cavity. There were no palpable cervical lymph nodes. Diagnosis of allergic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis was made. The mass progressed with associated ipsilateral cheek swelling extending to the nasal bridge. A greyish white, friable mass was biopsied and was diagnosed histologically as aRMS. The child had a debulking surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. She later developed tumour lysis syndrome and died. Management of infanthood sinonasal aRMS is challenging especially in low socioeconomic region like ours. A multi-disciplinary approach with intensified multimodality therapy is crucial to improving the management outcomes and quality of life. In all, it is advisable to take closer look at any swelling in the paediatric age group by carefully evaluating it with high degree of suspicion, early diagnosis and individualized treatment.

 

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Author Biographies

Samuel Oluyomi Ayodele, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

Consultant Otolaryngologist and Head and Neck Surgeon

Bashir Mohammed, Paediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital, Katsina, Nigeria

Paediatric Oncologist

Department of Paediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital Katsina

Adam Shuaib, Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Katsina, Nigeria

Consultant Pathologist

Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology

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Published

2022-11-23

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Section

Case Reports