International Journal of Scientific Reports

Microbicidal activity of octenidine oromucosal solution against periodontal bacteria and yeast: an in vitro study

2026-06-25T09:31:39+0530

Background: Octenidine-containing antiseptic oromucosal solution (OOS) has proven to be effective and safe for temporary bacterial reduction and plaque inhibition in the oral cavity. While its clinical outcomes are encouraging, further research is needed to assess its microbicidal activity against pathogens causing gingivitis and periodontitis.

Methods: We evaluated the in vitro microbicidal activity of different product dilutions (v/v) of a commercially available OOS (0.1% (w/v) octenidine dihydrochloride) against 10 periodontopathogen-ic bacteria and three yeast strains using the testing methodology frameworks of DIN EN 13727:2012+A2:2015 (30-s contact time) and DIN EN 13624:2022-08 (60-s contact time), respectively.

Results: The OOS showed high bactericidal activity at 80% (v/v) test concentration, as indicated by the logarithmic reduction factor (lg RF) ≥5. At 50% dilution concentration, bactericidal activity was observed against specific bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella buccalis, Parvimonas micra, Eikenella corrodens, Dialister pneumosintes, Schaalia odontolytica (Actinomyces odontolyticus), and Campylobacter rectus. Yeasticidal activity against Candida albicans was observed at 80% dilution concentration, whereas Candida auris was more susceptible to the OOS and showed lg RF ≥4 even at 50% dilution concentration.

Conclusion: The OOS may be an effective adjunct to periodontal therapy aimed at reducing pathogenic microbial load and inhibiting plaque formation, which may support plaque control strategies.

The relationship between newborn weight and the weight of its placenta at term in Masyaf, Syria

2026-06-25T09:31:38+0530

Background: The placenta is an organ that regulates fetal growth and affects the wellbeing of the fetus and the newborn. The aim of this study is to determine the average weight of placentas and neonates, and to evaluate the relationship between neonatal weight, placental weight and the effect of placental morphological deformations on these elements in Syria, as studies in Syria remain limited.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Masyaf General Hospital, Syria, from July 1st to August 31st, 2024. Data was collected by using a structured questionnaire and by directly measuring the weights of the placenta and newborn of 186 participants at full-term, healthy, pregnancies (37+0 - 41+0 weeks). Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 25.

Results: The mean of neonatal weight was 3017.47±374.78 g, the mean of placental weight was 535.08±117.76 g and the mean of neonatal weight-to-placental weight ratio was 5.826±1.04. A significant positive correlation was observed between placental weight and neonatal weight (Pearson’s r=0.603; p=0.01) and no statistically significant correlation was found between neonatal weight, maternal body mass index, age, smoking status and wrapping of the umbilical cord around neonate’s neck. Neonates born at 40 weeks had significantly higher birth weight, while placental weight was higher both at 37 and 40 weeks of gestation.

Conclusion: Placental weight was significantly correlated with neonatal birth weight. The higher birth weight is at 40 weeks of gestation. This study provides reference data for the Syrian population and highlights the need for larger studies to establish national reference standards.

Radiological evaluation and computed tomography-guided biopsy of pulmonary and mediastinal masses: a prospective study with histopathological correlation

2026-06-25T09:31:38+0530

Background: Pulmonary and mediastinal masses constitute a significant diagnostic challenge in clinical practice. Computed tomography (CT) is the cornerstone of radiological assessment, while CT-guided biopsy serves as the gold standard for definitive tissue characterization. Objectives of the study was to evaluate CT as an imaging modality and to assess the diagnostic accuracy and safety profile of CT-guided biopsy in pulmonary and mediastinal masses, using histopathology as the reference standard.

Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled 35 patients aged ≥18 years with pulmonary or mediastinal masses referred for CT-guided biopsy at the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India, from January 2023 to June 2024. CT features including lesion site, margins, enhancement pattern, and associated findings were documented. Tissue samples were correlated with histopathological diagnosis.

Results: Patients were predominantly male (54.3%) and aged above 60 years (60.0%). Pulmonary lesions predominated (91.4%). CT categorized 85.7% of lesions as malignant; histopathology confirmed malignancy in 77.1%, with adenocarcinoma being the most frequent diagnosis (37.1%). The CT–histopathology correlation rate was 88.6%. CT demonstrated sensitivity of 96.3%, specificity of 50.0%, positive predictive value of 86.7%, and negative predictive value of 80.0%. Biopsy adequacy was 94.3%. Complications were limited to mild pneumothorax in 14.3%; no major adverse events occurred.

Conclusion: CT is a highly sensitive modality for evaluating thoracic masses, and CT-guided biopsy is safe with high diagnostic adequacy. The strong radiological–pathological concordance supports an integrated multidisciplinary approach in managing pulmonary and mediastinal masses.

When contraception goes astray: a case of trans-vesical migration of Copper-T intrauterine device

2026-06-25T09:31:31+0530

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are among the most widely used reversible contraceptive methods worldwide and are generally considered safe and effective. However, rare complications such as uterine perforation and migration into adjacent organs may occur. We report a case of trans-vesical migration of a Copper-T IUD presenting as recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) with vesical stone formation. A 34-year-old woman presented with recurrent episodes of dysuria, pelvic pain and gross haematuria. She had undergone Copper-T insertion five years earlier. Urinalysis demonstrated pyuria and microscopic haematuria, while urine culture grew Escherichia coli. Although symptoms improved with antibiotic therapy, persistent haematuria prompted further evaluation. Imaging studies revealed an extra-uterine Copper-T lodged within the urinary bladder with associated calcific encrustation. Cystoscopic examination confirmed an intravesical encrusted foreign body embedded in the posterior bladder wall. The patient underwent successful endoscopic cystolitholapaxy with complete removal of the migrated IUD and stone fragments. Postoperative recovery was uneventful and she remained symptom-free during follow-up. This case highlights the importance of considering migrated IUDs in women presenting with recurrent or refractory urinary symptoms, particularly when there is a history of prior IUD insertion. Early diagnosis using appropriate imaging modalities and timely surgical intervention are essential to prevent long-term complications such as recurrent infection, stone formation and bladder injury.