Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a misdiagnosed disorder

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic and disabling mental disorder characterized by periods of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. It affects individuals in their personal, school, and professional lives. While the exact cause of the disorder remains unknown, it often runs in families, and factors like premature birth, low birth weight, alcohol, smoking, and drug abuse during pregnancy may contribute to it. ADHD is typically classified into three main types: hyperactive/impulsive type, which involves excessive movement, restlessness, and impulsive actions; inattentive type, which includes difficulty staying focused on tasks, organizing work, losing things, and being easily distracted; and combined type, which is diagnosed when both hyperactive/impulsive and inattentive symptoms are present.